BMS 445 Chemotherapy Drugs to Know

Penicillin Derivatives
| top | | Drug Groups | | Beta-Lactams | | Drug File |

• Natural Penicillins
  • Penicillin G (same as Benzylpenicillin)
  • Penicillin V (same as Phenoxymethylpenicillin)
• Aminopenicillins
  • Ampicillin
  • Amoxicillin
  • Hetacillin
• Penicillinase-resistant Penicillins (Antistaphylococcal Penicillins)
  • Methicillin (prototype)
  • Cloxacillin
  • Dicloxacillin
  • Nafcillin
  • Oxacillin
• Extended Spectrum Penicillins (Antipseudomonal Penicilllins)
  • Azlocillin
  • Carbenicillin
  • Mezlocillin
  • Piperacillin
  • Ticarcillin
• Beta-lactamase Inhibitors
  • Clavulanic acid

Cephalosporin Derivatives
| top | | Drug Groups | | Beta-Lactams | | Drug File |

• First Generation
  • Cephalothin
  • Cephalexin
  • Cephapirin
  • Cefadroxil
  • Cephradine
  • Cefazolin
• Second Generation
  • Cefaclor
  • Cefamandole
  • Cefmetazole
  • Cefonicid
  • Ceforanide
  • Cefotetan
  • Cefoxitin
  • Cefprozil
  • Cefuroxime
  • Loracarbef
• Third Generation
  • Ceftiofur [NAXCEL]
  • Cefixime
  • Cefoperazone
  • Cefotaxime
  • Cefpodoxime
  • Ceftiazidime
  • Ceftizoxime
  • Ceftriaxone
  • Moxalactam

Macrolides
| top | | Drug Groups | | Drug File |

• Erythromycin
• Tylosin
• Tilmicosin
• Azithromycin
• Clarithromycin

Lincosamides
| top | | Drug Groups | | Drug File |

• Lincomycin
• Clindamycin

Aminoglycosides
| top | | Drug Groups | | Drug File |

• Streptomycin
• Gentamicin
• Amikacin
• Neomycin
• Kanamycin
• Tobramycin
• Netilmicin
• Apramycin (vet only)

Tetracyclines
| top | | Drug Groups | | Drug File |

• Group 1
  • Tetracycline
  • Oxytetracycline
• Group 2
  • Demeclocycline
  • Methacycline
• Group 3
  • Doxycycline
  • Minocycline

Folic Acid Inhibitors
| top | | Drug Groups | | Drug File |

• Sulfonamides
  • Sulfamethoxazole(Gantanole^R)
  • Sulfadiazine
  • Sulfadimethoxine (Albon^R)
    has IM dose form (strongly buffered to neutrality)
  • Sulfacetamide
  • Sulfisoxazole diolamine
  • Pthalylsulfathiazole
  • Sulfacytine (Renoquid^R)
  • Sulfisoxazole [Gantrisin^R]
  • Sulfamethazine (Calfspan^R, Span bolet^R)
  • Sulfathiazole
  • Sulfasalazine
    • Sulfapyridine
    • Mesalamine (5-aminosalicylic acid; 5-ASA)
• 2,4-Diaminopyrimidines
  • Trimethoprim (Proloprim^R, Trimpex^R)
  • Ormetoprim
• Combinations
  • Humans: Sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim (Co-Trimoxazole^R, Bactrim^R, Septra^R)
  • Animals: Sulfadiazine + trimethoprim -- (Tribrissen^R, Di-Trim^R)
  • Animals: Sulfadimethoxine + ormetoprim (Primor^R)

Quinolones / Fluoroquinolones
| top | | Drug Groups | | Drug File |

• Quinolones -- not new
  • nalidixic acid (NegGram^R)
  • oxolinic acid (UtiBID^R)
• FLUOROquinolones -- relatively new - 1990s
  • Veterinary Medicine
    • enrofloxacin (Baytril^R) -- companion animals
    • sarafloxacin (Saraflox^R) -- poultry
  • Human Medicine
    • norfloxacin (Noroxin^R)
    • ciprofloxacin (Cipro^R)

Polypeptide Antibiotics
| top | | Drug Groups | | Drug File |

• Vancomycin
• Polymyxin B
• Bacitracin

Miscellaneous
| top | | Drug Groups | | Drug File |

• Nitrofurantoin (Furadantin^R, Macrodantin^R)
• Nitrofurazone (Furacin^R)
• Methenamine

Chloramphenicol
| top | | Drug Groups | | Drug File |

• Chloramphenicol
• Thiamphenicol

Antituberculosis Drugs
| top | | Drug Groups | | Drug File |

• Isoniazid, (INH) [Dow-Isoniazid, Nydrazid]
• Rifampin [Rifadin, Rimactane]
• Rafabutin [Mycobutin]
• pyrazinamide (PZA)
• Capreomycin Sulfate [Capastat Sulfate]
• Cycloserine [Seromycin]
• Ethambutol Hydrochloride [Myambutol]
• Ethionamide [Trecator-SC]
• Streptomycin Sulfate

Antileprosy Drugs
| top | | Drug Groups | | Drug File |

• Dapsone
• Rifampin -- See antituberculosis notes
• Clofazimine

Antifungals
| top | | Drug Groups | | Drug File |

• Polyenes
  • Amphotericin B
  • Nystatin
• Azoles
  • Ketoconazole
  • Itraconazole
  • Fluconazole
  • Miconazole
  • Thiabendazole
  • Sulconazole
  • Clotrimazole
  • Enilconazole
  • Econazole
  • Oxiconazole
  • Tioconazole
  • Terconazole
  • Butoconazole
• Flucytosine
• Griseofulvin
• Ciclopirox
• Haloprogin
• Allylamines
  • Naftifine
  • Terbinafine
• Tetraene
  • Natamycin
• Thiocarbamate
  • Tolnaftate
• Undecylenic acid
• Sulfonamides
  • Mafenide
  • Dapsone
• Potassium Iodide
• Silver Sulfadiazine
• Gentian Violet
• Carbol-Fuchsin
• Cilofungin
  (experimental)

Antivirals
| top | | Drug Groups | | Drug File |

• Protein synthesis inhibitor
  • None
• Protease inhibitors
  • saquinavir (Hoffman LaRoche, FDA approved 12/95)
  • ritonavir (Abbott Labs., FDA approved 3/96)
  • indinavir (Merck & Co, FDA approved 3/96)
  • nelfinavir (Agouron Inc, FDA approval expected '97)
• Inhibit early viral processes
  • Amantadine, Symmetrel^R
  • Rimantadine
• Nucleic acid synthesis inhibitor
  • Acyclovir, Zovirax^R
  • Ganciclovir, Cytovene^R
  • Idoxuridine, Herplex^R, Stoxil^R
  • Ribavarin, Virazole^R
  • Vidarabine, Ara-A^R
  • Fluridine, Viroptic^R
• Reverse transcriptase inhibitors
  • Zidovudine, Retrovir^R (AZT, Azidothymidine)
  • Zalcitabine, HIVID^R (dideoxycytidine, ddC)
  • Didanosine, Videx^R, ddI
  • Stavudine, Zerit^R, d4T

Anticancer Drugs
| top | | Drug Groups | | Drug File |

• Antimetabolites
  • Folic Acid Analogs
    • Methotrexate, (MTX)
  • Pyrimidine analogs
    • Fluorouracil, (5-FU)
    • Fluorodeoxyuridine
    • Cytarabine
  • Purine analogs
    • 6-Mercaptopurine, (6-MP)
    • 6-Thioguanine, (6-TG)
• Alkylating agents
  • Nitrogen mustards
    • Mechlorethamine
    • Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan^R)
    • Melphalan
    • Chlorambucil
• Natural products
  • Vinca alkaloids
    • Vincristine (Oncovin^R)
    • Vinblastine (Velban^R)
    • Vinorelbine (Navelbine^R)**
  • Epipodophylotoxins
    • Etoposide (VePesid^R, VP-16)
  • Taxol (Paclitaxel^R)
  • Antiumor antibiotics
    • Anthracyclines
      • Doxorubicin hydrochloride, (Adriamycin^R)
      • Daunorubicin
      • Idarubicin
      • Mitoxantrone
        • Actually an Anthracenedione and lacks sugar moiety
    • Bleomycin, (Blenoxane^R)
    • Dactinomycin (actinomycin D)
    • Mitomycin C
    • Plycamycin (Mithramycin)
• Miscellaneous agents
  • Cisplatin
  • Carboplatin
  • Asparaginase
  • Hydroxyurea
  • Mitotane (o,p'-DDD; Lysodren)
  • Anti-Estrogen (Tamoxifen citrate)
  • Corticosteroid (Prednisone)

Antiparasitic Drugs
| top | | Drug Groups |

• Anthelminitics
• Anticestodal Drugs
• Antiprotozoal Drugs
• Antifilarial Drugs
• Pesticides

Antinematodal Drugs
| top | | Drug Groups | | Drug File |

• Macrolide Endectins
  • Ivermectin, Animal: Eqvalan^R, Heartgard 30^R, and Ivomec^R; Human: Mectizan^R
  • Milbemycin Oxime, Interceptor^R
  • Moxidectin, Cydectin^R
  • Doramectin
  • Abramectin
• Benzimidazoles
  • Thiabendazole
  • Albendazole
  • Fenbendazole
  • Mebendazole
  • Oxibendazole
• Probenzimidazoles
  • Febantel, Rintal^R
    yields febendazole and oxfendazole
  • Netobimin
• Imidazothiazoles
  • Levamisole
• Pyrimidines
  • Pyrantel pamoate, Combantrin^R
  • Pyrantel tartrate, Banminth^R, Nemex^R, Strongid-T^R, Strongid^R
  • Morantel tartrate, Rumantel^R, Nemantel^R, Strongid^R
• Substituted Piperazines
  • Piperazine
  • Diethylcarbamazine citrate, (DEC) Caracide^R, Hetrazan^R, etc.
• Organophosphate
  • Dichlorvos, Task^R, Atgard-V^R
  • Trichlorfon
  • Coumaphos
    
  • Crufomate
  • Haloxon
• Trivalent Arsenicals
  • Thiacetarsamide sodium(Caparsolate sodium), (Caparsolate sodium), Filaramide^R, Arsenamide^R
  • Melarsomine, Immiticide^R

Anticestodal and Antitrematodal Drugs
| top | | Drug Groups | | Drug File |

• Pyrazinoisoquinoline
  • Praziquantel
  • Epsiprantel
• Benzenesulfonamide
  • Clorsulon
• Substituted Phenols
  • Nitroxynil
• Salicylanilides
  • Niclosamide
  • Rafoxanide¹
• Benzimidazoles
  • Mebendazole
  • Oxfendazole

Antiprotozoals
| top | | Drug Groups | | Drug File |

• Nitroimidazoles
  • Metronidazole, Flagyl^R
  • Tinidazole, Fasigin^R, Fasigyn^R
• Tetracyclines
  • Doxycycline
  • Minocycline
  • Tetracycline
• Sulfonamides
  • Sulfadiazine
  • sulfamethoxazole
  • many
• Combination sulfonamide+diaminopyrimidine
  • Sulfamethoxazole+trimethoprim, Cotrimethoxazole^R, Bactrim^R,Septra^R
  • Sulfadimethoxine+ormetoprim, Rofenaid^R, Primor^R
  • Dapsone+pyrimethamine, Maloprim^R
• Benzimidazoles
  • Albendazole
  • Mebendazole
  • Fenbendazole(?)
• Aminoglycosides
  • Paromomycin
• Nitrofurans
  • Furazolidone
  • Nitrofurazone
  • Nifurtimox, Lampit^R
• Pentavalent Antimonials
  • Sodium Stibogluconate, Pentostam^R
  • Meglumine antimonate, Glucantime^R
• 4-Aminoquinolines
  • Chloroquine
• 8-aminoquinolines
  • Primaquine
• 2,4-Diaminopyrimidines
  • Pyrimethamine, Daraprim^R
  • Trimethoprim
  • Ormetoprim
  • Diaveridine
• Quinine
  • Quinacrine, Atebrine^R
  • Quinine
  • Mefloquine (Larium^R)
• Hydroxyquinolones & Naphthoquinones
  • Buquinolate
  • Decoquinate
  • Nequinate
  • Buparvaguone, Parvaquone, Atovaquone
• Pyridinol
  • Clopidol
• Thiamine analog
  • Amprolium, Amprol^R, Corid^R
• Miscellaneous
  • Diloxanide furoate
  • Iodoquinol
  • Paromomycin
• Arsenicals
  • Carbarsone
  • Nitarsone
  • Roxarsone

Pesticides
| top | | Drug Groups | | Drug File |

• List not yet compiled